12
La Coupe du roi de Thulé
opéra en trois actes
fragments
Acte I | Scènes I–XI | Le Palais du Roi de Thulé | |
Acte II | Scènes I–VIII | Les Sirènes | |
Acte III | Scènes I–VI | La Salle des Armes au Palais de Thulé | |
Scènes VII–IX | Le Trône |
- Yorick - ténor
- Le bouffon Paddock - baryton
- Angus - basse
- Harold
- L’Intendant
- Un Officier
- Claribel - soprano
- Myrrha - soprano
- Une Sirène - mezzo-soprano
- Un vieillard, deux seigneurs, deux dames, deux sirènes, etc.
- Seigneurs, dames, sirènes, échansons, pages, soldats, etc.
Libretto: by Louis Gallet (1835–98), librettist of Djamileh, Don Rodrigue and Geneviève de Paris, and Edouard Blau (1836–1906), librettist of Don Rodrigue. The story is very freely developed from the Ballad of the King of Thule sung by Gretchen in Goethe’s Faust, all the characters being the librettists’ creations.
Composition: August 1868– February 1869. On 3-8-1867 the Ministre des Beaux-Arts announced a competition for three operas, for the three principal Paris theatres. The choice of libretto for the Opéra was announced in April 1868: La Coupe du Roi de Thulé by Louis Gallet and Edouard Blau, published soon after. The deadline for the compositions was set as 30-4-1869, later extended to 1-9-1869. Between June 1868 and April 1869 Bizet discussed Galabert’s setting of the libretto in close detail, while he himself hesitated to compete. In August 1868 he told Lacombe he was composing the first act in his mind, saying also that he was not competing. In October 1868 he told Galabert that Perrin, director of the Opéra, was pressing him to enter the competition, and that he had already written the first two acts. According to Galabert this was all he wrote, although fragments of Act III survive, and he certainly did enter for the competition. Imbert (Médaillons contemporains, p. 48) says Bizet destroyed the first two acts.
The judges were named as Bazin, Boulanger, Duprato, Gevaert, Maillart, Massé, Saint-Saëns, Semet, with Perrin ex officio. The forty-two candidates were reduced to twenty-one, then to seven, then to five. The prize was won by Eugenio Diaz de la Peña, with Massenet second, Guiraud third and Grat-Norbert Barthe fourth. Diaz’s opera was performed at the Opéra on 10-1-1873.
Massenet transferred much of his score to later works, and Bizet similarly arranged three numbers as songs with piano accompaniment. He arranged the Vision scene in Act II as a duet, with new words by Jules Barbier, under the title Rêvons, at the same time making a solo version, the words adapted by Paul Ferrier, as Aimons, rêvons ! The Siren’s song in Act II became La Sirène with words by Catulle Mendès, and Paddock’s song at the end of Act I seems to be the origin of the song N’oublions pas ! These were not published until after Bizet’s death in the collection Seize Mélodies. Choudens issued the Prélude under the false title Marche funèbre in 1880. A fragment from Act III was arranged as a Quintette in a posthumous edition of La Jolie Fille de Perth.
The manuscript of Galabert’s setting for voice and piano of this libretto, dated 1-6-1868, is at F-Pn MS 15185, 68 p.
F-Pan F21 1326 contains a few names of those who submitted scores: Fernand de Beaufranchet, Eugène Dugard, J. Barnier, Auguste Julien, A. Elwart, Georges Bizet. Julien’s score is there too, in piano reduction, with a separate voice score of Act III.
- ‘Myrrha la brise est forte’ in the finale of Act I was adapted as ‘Dût-il m’en coûter la vie’ in Act III of Carmen.
The Prélude was published as a separate orchestral piece under the title Marche funèbre.
Paddock's song at the end of Act I was probably adapted as N'oublions pas ! published in the collection Seize Mélodies in 1885.
La Sirène, from Act II, was published in the collection Seize Mélodies in 1883.
Act II scene 7 appeared as a duet Rêvons, published in 1887 with new words; part of this song had already appeared as a song Aimons, rêvons in the collection Seize Mélodies in 1883.
F-Pn MS 445A. Fragments of all three acts in full score. 30-stave paper, 335 x 257 mm., 76 p.
F-Pn MS 10594, gift of Mina Curtiss. 30-stave paper, 335 x 275 mm., 10p. Act I, scenes 9 and 10.
The following scenes from the opera, all incomplete, survive in these five autographs:
Acte I | ||
Scène 3–4 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 1–4 | |
Scène 5 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 5–18, including Paddock’s Air | |
Scène 6 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 19–22 | |
Scène 7 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 23–46, including Myrrha’s Légende | |
Scène 9–10 | F-Pn MS 10594, p. 1–8 | |
Scène 11 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 47–54 | |
Acte II | ||
Scène 2 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 55–58 | |
Scène 3 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 59–62 | |
Private collection (re-used as La Sirène) | ||
Scène 3–4 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 63–68 | |
Scène 6 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 69–70 | |
Scène 7 | Private collection, p. 1–4 (the Vision) | |
Acte III | ||
Scène 5-6 | Private collection, p. 1–10 | |
F-Pn MS 10594, p. 9–10 | ||
Scène 8 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 71–72 | |
Scène 9 | F-Pn MS 445a, p. 73–76 |
A draft of eight bars from Act I Scène 3 is shown in facsimile in Galabert, opposite p. 142.
1–71
1868
F-Pn Th B 4988
Choudens, pl. no. A.C. 4911, 12 p., c. 1881, as Marche funèbre, arranged by L. Roques [actually by Bizet himself]. F-Pn Ac.p.2375, F-Pn Vm7 4311, CH-Gc, GB-Lbl, GB-En (2 copies), I-Mc, US-Wc.
Choudens, in Classe supérieure du piano, 2e volume, p. 109–12, 1886, abridged.
Schirmer, New York, pl. no. 13797, 11 p., 1898, arranged by L. Roques.
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2
Schirmer, New York, before 1910.
Printed score of Act II Scene 3, ‘Oui, c’est vrai, je suis reine’: see La Sirène
Printed score of Act II Scene 7 as Rêvons, duet for mezzo-soprano and baritone, words adapted by Jules Barbier: see Rêvons
12-12-1880 | Concerts du Châtelet, cond. Colonne, the Prélude announced as 'Marche funèbre'. |
7-4-1882 | Concerts populaires, cond. Pasdeloup, the Prélude announced as 'Marche funèbre'. |
12-7-1955 | BBC, London, Philharmonia Orchestra, cond. Stanford Robinson. The Prélude and three excerpts from Act I (Paddock’s Air, Entry of Myrrha and the gift of the pearl, Legend), in English (translated by Winton Dean). |
Prélude: ON du Capitole de Toulouse, Michel Plasson, 1992
Prélude: RTÉ NSO, Tingaud, 2014
- Pigot (1886) 129, 133-37, 140, 156, 309, 309n, 319, 326
- Pigot (1911) 116, 120-22, 124, 267, 283, 288
- Curtiss 224-28, 230-31, 256-58, 335, 352, 465, 467
- Dean 43, 60, 62, 74, 77-79, 85, 95, 129, 144, 146, 155-56, 185-92, 194, 196, 223, 225, 232, 246-48, 250, 262, 288-89
- Wright 4, 10, 18, 36, 46, 102-8, 114, 138, 267
- Lacombe 93, 410-12, 429–34, 467-68, 605, 625
- Revue et gazette musicale, 28-11-1869, p. 387–88
- Ch.-L. Hess, L’Art musical, 16-12-1880
- Winton Dean, ‘An unfinished opera by Bizet’, Music & Letters, 28 (10-1947), p. 347–63.
- H.G. Bonte, ‘Kritische Funkbericht’, Zeitschrift für Musik, 116 (8-1955), p. 497.
- Frits Noske, French Song from Berlioz to Duparc (New York: Dover, 1970), p. 197.