2. state and studies: ‘standing and learning’; ‘condition and education’.

6. heauenly instinct: An aptitude inspired by heaven.

8. ἐνθουσιασμὸς: Grenthusiasmos, enthusiasm, inspiration, poetic furor.

1. heauye: downcast

2. chace: pursue, run, hasten

4. Whilome: E.K.

8. Oten reedes: E.K.

9. spared: reserved

12. straine: constrain, distress

14. fry: E.K.

15. what . . . thy?: ‘How does that better me?’

16. sclender prise: meager reward

19. price: reward

22. lust: desire, sexual desire.

24. trayned: drawn along, controlled; lagging

26. routes: crowds

27. Seemeth: it seems that

27. sence bereaue: E.K.

28. All: just

33. ere: ever, at all

35. sheddeth: dissipates, pours forth

37. base and viler clowne: ‘low-class, wretched rustic’.

39. giusts: jousts

40. weld: wield

41. doubted: dreaded, redoubted

41. woundlesse armour: E.K.

42. vnbruzed: undented, not battered

43. display: E.K.

45. rest: settle upon as a subject

46. bigger . . . sing: Sing in a loftier style.

47. Aduaunce: promote, praise

49. stounds: blows; strummings

50. Has . . . string: E.K.

50. tenor: tone

51. lustihead: delight, vigor, lustfulness

52. And carrol . . . rownde: E.K.

57. Whereon: E.K.

58. laboured: plowed, tilled

58. timely eare: seasonable grain harvest

59. drede: dread

63. liggen: lie

65. dreade: dreaded

66. of hem: about them; loved by them;aye: always

67. But after: E.K.

67. vertue: daring, heroism, valor

68. a bedde of: to bed by

69. pease: pea

70. To . . . preace: to promote, to advance for approval

71. wittes: individuals of great learning and talent

74. stocke: source; trunk

75. Or . . . fayne: ‘Either it must conceal (or ignore) men's follies’.

76. rybaudrye: ribaldry, irreverence

82. Ne brest: E.K.

87. peeced pyneons: E.K.

87. peeced pyneons: patched wings

88. fittes: it is proper or fitting

88. scanne: mount; analyze verse (metrically)

89. bedight: affected, governed, maltreated

90. soote: sweet

91. Ah . . . loue: ‘O fool, it is love . . .’

95. a caytiue corage: E.K.

96. For lofty loue: E.K.

100. The vaunted . . . demaundes: E.K

100. vaunted: celebrated, ambitious

101. crabbed care: perverse or irritating worries

103. compasse: achieve, gain, grasp

108. nombers: verses, meters, rhythms

110. distaind: stained

111. Yuie: E.K.

113. in buskin: E.K.

114. queint: E.K.

114. equipage: E.K.

117. tydes: E.K.

118. charme: temper, tune, play

119. Gates . . . layd: ‘Goats have given birth’.

120. store: stock

7. doubte: am uncertain

13. vnlustye: weak, dull, listless

17. conspyre: agree

37. compassion . . . affection: fellow feeling and similarity of affection

48. vii.: seventh

69. faculty: aptitude, ability

71. cognisance: badge, emblem. crest;other: i.e., other families’

153. buskin: boot

154. stockes: stockings

170. Aut si carminibus: ‘Or if in songs’.